Indian River Animal Hospital

May News

 

Itching Skin.  This subject opens one BIG can of worms.

 

ALLERGIES & INFECTIONS

Food allergies can develop at any time resulting in an itching pustular skin condition.  I practiced equine medicine for ten years and then much to my surprise developed an allergy to horse dandruff.  Animals that have been on the same food can suddenly develop an allergy to a component of the food formula, for example chicken or corn.   A new food formula must be found containing a protein the pet has not been exposed to and consequently has not developed a sensitivy to, for example:  duck, venison, whitefish, potato or even kangaroo!   Lamb and rice is a popular choice, however the supermarket brands often contain chicken fat or chicken by products along with the lamb and rice.  Read your labels.

 

Tree and weed pollens, grass and weed dust whether inhaled or by physical contact, are also sources of allergens. Occasionally blood samples will need to be analyzed to determine the source of the allergen. 

 

Whatever the source, allergies cause severe irritation to the skin (red inflamed moist tissue), which presents a perfect condition for secondary bacterial and fungus infections. Occasionally a culture and sensitivity will be required to specifically determine what the bacteria is and the appropriate antibiotic to be used as a treatment.

 

PARASITES

Fleabite allergy is a big factor. The flea derives a blood meal from the pet. In doing so, the flea injects an anticoagulant, which contains a certain protein. This protein stimulates an allergic reaction and the pet starts itching. Good flea control is mandatory in Florida due to the heavy year-round flea infestation

 

There are two comon types of mange:  Red mange (demodectic) and Scabies (Sarcoptic).   These two mites invade the skin producing severe irritation, itching and infection.

 

Ticks attach and invade the skin resulting in an infection at the site of the attachment as well as permanent hair loss due to destruction of the hair follicle.

 

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

Autoimmune disease is a strange syndrome where the pet develops an allergy to its own tissue. This results in pustules, itching, and ulcerations. Blood test and skin biopsies may be necessary for diagnosis of this condition.

 

THYROID GLAND DYSFUNCTION

Thyroxin is the hormone of the thyroid gland. Excess levels, usually seen in cats, will cause course hair and weight loss. Deficiencies of the hormone, often seen in dogs, will result in hair loss and course, brittle hair.

 

ADRENAL GLAND DYSFUNCTION

Excess levels of the adrenal gland hormone (cortisol) will cause thin, wrinkled skin with hair loss. Deficient levels of the hormone will result in few hair and skin symptoms, but result in multi-organ dysfunctions.

 

Happy Mother’s Day and be sure to check our website at www.irah.com